diff --git a/plusone-basic/plusone-basic-infrastructure/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/plusone/jdbc/JdbcEntityDaoSupport.java b/plusone-basic/plusone-basic-infrastructure/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/plusone/jdbc/JdbcEntityDaoSupport.java
index 96ec4a4..99e0ba9 100644
--- a/plusone-basic/plusone-basic-infrastructure/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/plusone/jdbc/JdbcEntityDaoSupport.java
+++ b/plusone-basic/plusone-basic-infrastructure/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/plusone/jdbc/JdbcEntityDaoSupport.java
@@ -56,6 +56,10 @@ public abstract class JdbcEntityDaoSupport<T extends Entity<ID>, ID extends Seri
         return Boolean.TRUE.equals(isExists);
     }
 
+    protected final int update(String sql, SqlParameterSource parameterSource) {
+        return this.jdbc.update(sql, parameterSource);
+    }
+
     protected abstract T mapRow(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException;
 
     protected void setRowMapper(@Nonnull RowMapper<T> rowMapper) {
diff --git a/plusone-system/plusone-system-infrastructure/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/plusone/system/domain/model/account/AccountRepositoryImpl.java b/plusone-system/plusone-system-infrastructure/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/plusone/system/domain/model/account/AccountRepositoryImpl.java
index d4bfa84..e72e69b 100644
--- a/plusone-system/plusone-system-infrastructure/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/plusone/system/domain/model/account/AccountRepositoryImpl.java
+++ b/plusone-system/plusone-system-infrastructure/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/plusone/system/domain/model/account/AccountRepositoryImpl.java
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ public class AccountRepositoryImpl extends JdbcRepositorySupport<Account, Long>
 
     @Override
     protected final void doDelete(@Nonnull Account entity) {
-        int i = this.jdbc.update("""
+        int i = update("""
                 UPDATE sys_account SET deleted = id, "version" = "version" + 1
                 WHERE id = :id AND deleted = 0 AND "version" = :version
                 """,
@@ -132,15 +132,16 @@ public class AccountRepositoryImpl extends JdbcRepositorySupport<Account, Long>
 
     @Override
     protected final Account doInsert(@Nonnull Account entity) {
-        String sql = """
-                INSERT INTO sys_account
-                    (id, email, mobile_phone, username, "password", salt, avatar, sex, nickname, status, created_by, create_time)
-                VALUES
-                    (:id, :email, :mobilePhone, :username, :password, :salt, :avatar, :sex, :nickname, :status, :createdBy, :createTime)
-                """;
         long id = IdUtil.getSnowflakeNextId();
-        SqlParameterSource params = generateParamSource(id, entity);
-        int i = jdbc.update(sql, params);
+        int i = update("""
+                INSERT INTO sys_account
+                (id, email, mobile_phone, username, "password", salt, avatar, sex, nickname, status,
+                 created_by, create_time)
+                VALUES
+                (:id, :email, :mobilePhone, :username, :password, :salt, :avatar, :sex, :nickname, :status,
+                 :createdBy, :createTime)
+                """,
+                generateParamSource(id, entity));
         AssertResult.update(i, 1);
         this.accountRoleDAO.insertAccountRoleRefs(id, entity.getRoleIds());
         return entity;
@@ -148,7 +149,7 @@ public class AccountRepositoryImpl extends JdbcRepositorySupport<Account, Long>
 
     @Override
     protected final Account doUpdate(@Nonnull Account entity) {
-        String sql = """
+        int i = update("""
                 UPDATE sys_account
                 SET "email"        = :email,
                     "mobile_phone" = :mobilePhone,
@@ -163,9 +164,8 @@ public class AccountRepositoryImpl extends JdbcRepositorySupport<Account, Long>
                     "update_time"  = :updateTime,
                     "version"      = "version" + 1
                 WHERE id = :id AND deleted = 0 AND "version" = :version
-                """;
-        SqlParameterSource params = generateParamSource(entity);
-        int i = this.jdbc.update(sql, params);
+                """,
+                generateParamSource(entity));
         AssertResult.update(i, 1);
         this.accountRoleDAO.saveAccountRoleRefs(entity);
         return entity;
diff --git a/plusone-system/plusone-system-infrastructure/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/plusone/system/domain/model/dict/DictRepositoryImpl.java b/plusone-system/plusone-system-infrastructure/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/plusone/system/domain/model/dict/DictRepositoryImpl.java
index f501edd..23a79a6 100644
--- a/plusone-system/plusone-system-infrastructure/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/plusone/system/domain/model/dict/DictRepositoryImpl.java
+++ b/plusone-system/plusone-system-infrastructure/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/plusone/system/domain/model/dict/DictRepositoryImpl.java
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ public class DictRepositoryImpl extends JdbcRepositorySupport<Dict, Long> implem
     @Override
     protected final Dict doInsert(@Nonnull Dict entity) {
         long id = IdUtil.getSnowflakeNextId();
-        int i = this.jdbc.update("""
+        int i = update("""
                 INSERT INTO sys_dict_type (dict_type, dict_label, create_time, created_by)
                 VALUES (:dictType, :dictLabel, :createTime, :createdBy)
                 """,
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ public class DictRepositoryImpl extends JdbcRepositorySupport<Dict, Long> implem
 
     @Override
     protected final Dict doUpdate(@Nonnull Dict entity) {
-        int i = this.jdbc.update("""
+        int i = update("""
                 UPDATE sys_dict_type
                 SET dict_type   = :dictType,
                     dict_label  = :dictLabel,
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ public class DictRepositoryImpl extends JdbcRepositorySupport<Dict, Long> implem
 
     @Override
     protected final void doDelete(@Nonnull Dict entity) {
-        int i = this.jdbc.update("""
+        int i = update("""
                 UPDATE sys_dict_type SET deleted = id, "version" = "version" + 1
                 WHERE id = :id AND deleted = 0 AND "version" = :version
                 """,
diff --git a/plusone-system/plusone-system-infrastructure/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/plusone/system/domain/model/menu/MenuRepositoryImpl.java b/plusone-system/plusone-system-infrastructure/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/plusone/system/domain/model/menu/MenuRepositoryImpl.java
index 0967990..a7d6886 100644
--- a/plusone-system/plusone-system-infrastructure/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/plusone/system/domain/model/menu/MenuRepositoryImpl.java
+++ b/plusone-system/plusone-system-infrastructure/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/plusone/system/domain/model/menu/MenuRepositoryImpl.java
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ public class MenuRepositoryImpl extends JdbcRepositorySupport<Menu, Long> implem
                      :component, :cache, :resource, :createTime, :createdBy)
                 """;
         MapSqlParameterSource paramSource = generateParamSource(id, entity);
-        int i = this.jdbc.update(sql, paramSource);
+        int i = update(sql, paramSource);
         AssertResult.update(i, 1);
         this.actionDAO.saveActions(id, entity.getActions());
         return entity;
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ public class MenuRepositoryImpl extends JdbcRepositorySupport<Menu, Long> implem
                 """;
 
         // 更新菜单
-        int i = this.jdbc.update(sql, generateParamSource(entity));
+        int i = update(sql, generateParamSource(entity));
         AssertResult.update(i, 1);
 
         // 保存权限
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ public class MenuRepositoryImpl extends JdbcRepositorySupport<Menu, Long> implem
 
     @Override
     protected final void doDelete(@Nonnull Menu entity) {
-        int i = this.jdbc.update("""
+        int i = update("""
                 UPDATE sys_menu SET deleted = id, "version" = "version" + 1
                 WHERE id = :id AND deleted = 0 AND "version" = :version
                 """,
diff --git a/plusone-system/plusone-system-infrastructure/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/plusone/system/domain/model/role/RoleRepositoryImpl.java b/plusone-system/plusone-system-infrastructure/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/plusone/system/domain/model/role/RoleRepositoryImpl.java
index d077920..9f97cc4 100644
--- a/plusone-system/plusone-system-infrastructure/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/plusone/system/domain/model/role/RoleRepositoryImpl.java
+++ b/plusone-system/plusone-system-infrastructure/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/plusone/system/domain/model/role/RoleRepositoryImpl.java
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ public class RoleRepositoryImpl extends JdbcRepositorySupport<Role, Long> implem
 
     @Override
     protected final void doDelete(@Nonnull Role entity) {
-        int i = this.jdbc.update("""
+        int i = update("""
                 UPDATE sys_account SET deleted = id, "version" = "version" + 1
                 WHERE id = :id AND deleted = 0 AND "version" = :version
                 """,
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ public class RoleRepositoryImpl extends JdbcRepositorySupport<Role, Long> implem
     @Override
     protected final Role doInsert(@Nonnull Role entity) {
         long id = IdUtil.getSnowflakeNextId();
-        int i = this.jdbc.update("""
+        int i = update("""
                 INSERT INTO sys_role
                 (id, "name", identifier, status, remarks, create_time, created_by)
                 VALUES
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ public class RoleRepositoryImpl extends JdbcRepositorySupport<Role, Long> implem
 
     @Override
     protected final Role doUpdate(@Nonnull Role entity) {
-        int i = this.jdbc.update("""
+        int i = update("""
                 UPDATE sys_role
                 SET "name"        = :name,
                     "identifier"  = :identifier,